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Forces and Elasticity


    • Using forces to compress or stretch objects causes the object to deform (change shape)
    • Springs are special as they go back to their original shape once the force has been removed.
    • Energy transfer (see above) = work done
    • Work is done when an object is deformed due to a force.

 

    • Spring:

1. Stretching a spring means work is being done as energy is being transferred

2. Energy transfers from kinetic energy stores → elastic energy stores

3. When force is removed the spring goes back to original shape so, energy transferred back to its kinetic energy store.

  • Hooke’s Law = the amount a spring stretches (extension, e) is directly proportional to force applied (F).
  • Some objects obey Hooke’s Law (springs) but this law only applies up to a certain force.
  • F = k X e
  • K is the spring constant. The value of it depends on the material you are stretching. (Newton per metre N/m)
  • Equilibrium = all forces are balanced
  • If a stretched/compressed spring holds a weight still = force of weight = force of the spring. Forces are balanced = equilibrium

How long have you…? (present perfect 4) Exercises


 

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Use the information given to create questions beginning with ‘How long…?’

• It is snowing.

• The weather is shining.

• John and Kate are married.

• My brother has gone on holiday.

• My aunty and uncle live in Canada.

• My sister is a teacher.

• I work at the chemist.

• I’ve known Susan since I was a baby.

• Jonathan is learning to speak to Mandarin.

 

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Fill in the missing gaps in the sentences using the present perfect (=has/have + past participle)

• I have known Kate a long time.

• My brother has been playing the piano he was 11 years old.

• My mum and dad on holiday to America. They

gone since last Sunday.

• I Ben and Emma since primary school.

We to the same primary and secondary school.

• My sister learning to speak French because she
is going to France next month.

 

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Use the appropriate words in the missing gaps.

have you lived       lives      to

has been       works        have known

I have bought       have worked.

• My sister in Spain. She is studying Spanish

with her friend Rosie. I Rosie since I was 5.

• Spencer like with Jamie. They have worked

together for 2 years.

• How long in Australia?

• a new dress for prom.

• He to Thorpe park.

 

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Challenge: Create 4 of your own questions beginning with ‘How long……?’

1.

2.

3.

4.

 

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