Conduction and Convection | Improve Tuition | Tutors | Tuition | Tutoring | Tutor

Conduction and Convection


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  • Conduction = process where vibrating particles transfer energy to neighboring particles . Mainly happens in solids
  • if an object is heated the energy is transferred to the thermal energy store of the object= energy shared across the kinetic energy stores of the particles in the object
  • particles which are being heated vibrate more and collide with each other = collisions cause energy to be transferred between particles’ kinetic energy stores = conduction
  • This continues throughout the object until the energy is transferred to the other side of the object.
  • Thermal conductivity = measure of howquickly energy is transferred through a material in this way. High thermal conductivities = transfer energy between particles quickly.
  • Convection = energetic particles move away from regions
  • Happens in liquids and gases as particles are free to move around. Heat a gas or liquid = particles move faster = space between particles increases = less dense region
  • Liquids and gases can flow = warmer and less dense regions will rise above denser and cooler objects.Constant heat source = convection current
  • Radiator creates a convection current
  • 1. Energy transferred from the radiator to nearby air particles = conduction
    2. Air by radiator = warmer = less dense
    3. Warm air rises = replaced by cooler air = cooler air heated by radiator
    4. At same time = previously heated air transfers energy to surroundings = cools = more dense = sinks
    5. Cycle repeats = flow of air circulates the room = convection currents.

    How long have you…? (present perfect 4) Exercises


     

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    Use the information given to create questions beginning with ‘How long…?’

    • It is snowing.

    • The weather is shining.

    • John and Kate are married.

    • My brother has gone on holiday.

    • My aunty and uncle live in Canada.

    • My sister is a teacher.

    • I work at the chemist.

    • I’ve known Susan since I was a baby.

    • Jonathan is learning to speak to Mandarin.

     

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    Fill in the missing gaps in the sentences using the present perfect (=has/have + past participle)

    • I have known Kate a long time.

    • My brother has been playing the piano he was 11 years old.

    • My mum and dad on holiday to America. They

    gone since last Sunday.

    • I Ben and Emma since primary school.

    We to the same primary and secondary school.

    • My sister learning to speak French because she
    is going to France next month.

     

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    Use the appropriate words in the missing gaps.

    have you lived       lives      to

    has been       works        have known

    I have bought       have worked.

    • My sister in Spain. She is studying Spanish

    with her friend Rosie. I Rosie since I was 5.

    • Spencer like with Jamie. They have worked

    together for 2 years.

    • How long in Australia?

    • a new dress for prom.

    • He to Thorpe park.

     

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    Challenge: Create 4 of your own questions beginning with ‘How long……?’

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

     

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